Business Operation And System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Business Operation And System - Essay Example Through innovation power, the organization has thought of new thoughts and fresh out of the plastic new encounters. The organization is perceived because of its assortment of items, for example, online organizations, game, music and picture. It is positioned among the main organization in the globe because of its client brands. Sony-Ericson cell phone fragment serves a worldwide interchanges showcase with unique cell phones, PC-cards and frill (Worthington and Britton, 2006, p. 37). The organization was built up following a merger of Sony and Ericson in 2001. Its corporate capacities are situated in London despite the fact that the organization has a worldwide workforce and has innovative work habitats in Japan, China, Europe and America (Lewis and Slack, 2011, p. 85). Cell phone items delivered by Sony-Ericson need to rival different items from other significant cell phone makers, for example, Nokia, Samsung and Alcatel among different producers. Firms shift from numerous points of view, however the basic element is that they are totally associated with change of crude materials into yield by brushing different assets, for example, work and innovation (Worthington and Britton, 2006, p. 30). The change procedure happens inside a setting being impacted by outside variables which influences the activity of an organization. The outer condition is normally unstable, complex, and intuitive which can't be disregarded in the investigation of business action. In the outer business condition, PESTLE investigation is basic for it shows the different outside impacts the organization is confronting. PESTLE is an abbreviation of political, monetary, social, innovative, legitimate and ecological factors in the firm’s full scale condition (Worthington and Britton, 2006, p. 38). Following a PESTLE examination, Sony has had the option to react likewise to mechanical progression to think of Sony Ericsson Smart Phone. This exhibits the impact of mechanical progression on the activities of an organization. Beforehand, Nokia and Sony had the most unrivaled telephones in the market. In any case, iPhone and Android presented the advanced cells in the market. What's more, there is expanded interest for telephones in the market and the way of life and level of training of the cell phone clients is chan ging with more clients requesting advanced mobile phones. This affected Sony Ericsson to go to assembling advanced mobile phones so as to satisfy the customer’s needs. Authoritative and pervasiveness of soundness inside the market it works in permits Sony Ericsson to advertise its items in various nations and to decentralize its innovative work workplaces to Asia, America and Europe (Georgiou, 2006, p. 450). Sony Ericsson never drove the route in the assembling of PDAs however just reacted along these lines to the manner in which its rivals were moving as dependent on the CATWOE model. CATWOE depends on a standard where an organization associated with frameworks advancement holds on to be given a change and data on others engaged with the change and they way they are included (Georgiou, 2006, p. 450). Additionally, CATWOE tries to know why change is significant and the limitations when wanting to execute change. Sony Ericsson should do a CATWOE investigation where utilizing a n information database it can break down the proposition to change its activities to produce advanced mobile phones. CATWOE examination mulls over the outside condition of the organization and showed that creation of advanced cell would profit its clients whose interest for telephones ready to get to the web quicker and run different applications could be met. What's more, Sony would have the option to expand its deals. The organization in building up its advanced cell re-appropriated the

Analyze a passage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 10

Break down a section - Essay Example At the point when God advised man to repress the world, He implied that he ought to improve the world for his advantage. There was still enough and sufficient left. Notwithstanding, man’s fenced in area for himself left next to no for others to utilize. The creator gives a couple of reasons in help to his theory. For example, he says that on the off chance that somebody leaves as much as possible utilize, does similarly comparable to the one that has taken nothing by any stretch of the imagination. He goes further to state that work was the title for the land that God provided for humankind. In any case, on the off chance that one intrudes with what has been improved by another man’s work, it is doubtful that he has wanted the advantages accumulated from another man’s work. As indicated by the author, this isn't right on the grounds that each man should work for his own benefits. The reasons the creator gives bolster his proposal. He stresses on man’s voracity and censures those that longing what isn't legitimately theirs. The reasons are conceivable on their own right. This is on the grounds that when God made man and told him to till and curb the earth, His expectations were that individuals should live in amicability. Be that as it may, man’s eagerness expanded that he added what was at first normal for all men. This section has a critical job to the remainder of the world. The creator makes reference to a model that serves to remind individuals that normal land isn't singular land. He says that even in England, or any piece of the world, inside an administration, nobody has the option to proper or encase any part without the assent of the remainder of the individuals

Alcoholism a Family Disease

Alcoholism a Family Disease February 14, 2020 kristian sekulic/Getty Images More in Addiction Alcohol Use Children of Alcoholics Binge Drinking Withdrawal and Relapse Drunk Driving Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Alcoholism is a family disease because it affects the family as a whole and each member individually. Living with alcohol abuse means being in an unsafe environment filled with disruptions to normal routines, the tension of strained relationships, and dishonesty. The  disease of alcoholism  affects every family members life, attitude, and way of thinking perhaps more dramatically than it does for the drinker.   Although more than 10 percent of kids live with a parent who has alcohol problems, your familys situation may also involve an alcoholic teen.?? There are over 861,000 kids ages 12 to 20 who use alcohol heavily according to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Alcoholism Takes Your Family by  Surprise With alcoholism, the heat is constantly being turned up, but nobody notices. Cunning and baffling! As a  progressive disease. It may start out with casually accepting unacceptable behavior.  Oh, he didnt mean that. He just had too much to drink last night. A few years down the road the behavior has slowly grown more and more  intolerable, but it is still being accepted and becomes the norm. Your family ends up with chaos in your own home that a few short years ago would have been unthinkable. If you looked out the window and saw the same kind of things taking place across the street at the neighbors house, you would probably pick up the phone and call 911 to get  those  people some help! Alcoholism and the Children Children lack positive role models in an alcoholic family and need stability to thrive. The alcoholic parent is dysfunctional. The other parent models enabling behavior and may be a victim of physical abuse. Children are sensitive to the arguments and psychological warfare going on in an alcoholics home.   One minute mom  is screaming and threatening him with everything from divorce to death. The next minute she may be compassionately rescuing him from the consequences of his latest episode by dutifully cleaning up his messes, making excuses for him and accepting an increasing degree of unacceptable behavior. Potential Impacts of Parental Alcoholism on Children The Partner As the Enabler As the alcoholic behavior escalates and becomes routine in your own home, the last thing that would occur to you is to get help. Youve been slowly drawn into the thinking that you should protect the alcoholic because you care. You cover for him, lie for him and hide the truth. You keep secrets, no matter how bad the chaos has become. Protecting him by telling lies has actually created a situation that makes it easier for him to continue (and progress) in his downward spiral. Rather than help the alcoholic, and yourself, you have actually enabled him to get worse. Are You Enabling an Addict or Alcoholic? When Will Your Loved One Get Help? The disease of alcoholism typically continues to progress until the person is ready to reach out and get help for himself. However, waiting for that to happen is not your only choice. Family members can begin to recover whether the alcoholic is still drinking or not by contacting an Al-Anon Family group, SMART Recovery Family Friends, or other outreach organization for support and advice. There is hope and help out there. You just have to take the first step. 8 Steps to Organizing an Alcoholic Intervention

Civil War Essay - 625 Words

After the Civil War ended in 1865, the south was in total ruins. Houses were destroyed, crops were gone, and lives would never be the same again. It wouldn’t be until years after the war that people would get their lives back on track. Whites in the south now hated the blacks and still think they are inferior. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The process of rebuilding that followed the American Civil War was known as reconstruction. The war left a set of pressing questions concerning with what to do with the South. These questions involved the relationship with the former Confederate states and the Union; the type of punishment that should be imposed on the ones responsible for the rebellion; the status of the freed slaves and how to†¦show more content†¦Under his plan a majority of the voters had to pledge loyalty to the United States and the 13th amendment had to be ratified. Southern whites quickly switched their governments according to Johnson’s plan and restricte d the rights of the newly freed slaves. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Radical Republicans did not see things as lightly as President Johnson did. They wanted to punish the Southern aristocracy and strip them of their rights. They also were not pleased with the black codes. Their intentions were to protect the freedmen’s rights nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the north however, it was a total triumph. Their goal for slaves to be free was granted. All the former slaves moved up north to try to find jobs, but for most of them it was disappointing to see that they couldn’t find work because most of them couldn’t read or write. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Before the Civil War started in 1861, Americans in the east were starting to take advantage of the lands in the western part of the country. People took their families their to start a new life. The west was inhabited by so many Native Americans. Because the Americans wanted the land so much, they killed off the Native Americans, and would later give them reservations. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;After the Civil War, the south was so destroyed that they didn’t even have a government. Everyone was too busy trying to rearrange their lives. Bridges were in ruble, train tracks wereShow MoreRelatedThe War Of The Civil War921 Words   |  4 PagesThere are no doubts that acts of war can have a negative impact on the individuals involved. There are countless stories of the soldiers’ experiences in the war, and how it affected their lives, families, and attitudes. However, there is a large demographic that is hardly accounted for: children, specifically during the Civil War era. Understanding the children that lived in the time of the Civil War is important because it affected their future careers, shaped their attitudes towards race, and affectedRead MoreThe War Of The Civil War964 Words   |  4 Pageswasn’t one sole cause of the Civil War but there were many events that took the country to war and put brother against brother and states against states. Abraham Lincoln wanted to preserve the union and that could only be attained by civil war. Slavery which was an underlying cause for the war played its role in the division that divided the North against the South. Ultimately the preservation of the union, slavery and the consequences and conflicts leading to the Civil War all rested on President Lincoln’sRead MoreThe War Of The Civil War1522 Words   |  7 PagesCosts The war produced about 1,030,000 casualties, including about 620,000 soldier deaths—two-thirds by disease, and 50,000 civilians. The war accounted for roughly as many American deaths as all American deaths in other U.S. wars combined. Based on 1860 census figures, 8% of all white males aged 13 to 43 died in the war, including 6% in the North and 18% in the South. Union army dead, amounting to 15% of the over two million who served, was broken down as follows: Notably, their mortality rateRead MoreThe War Of The Civil War777 Words   |  4 PagesThe widespread violence that turned into the Civil War began with the election of 1860. Abraham Lincoln won the election of 1860 without a single vote from the states below the Ohio River. South Carolina was the first state to respond to Lincoln’s election. On December 20, 1680, South Carolina seceded from the Union. South Carolina was the first of the â€Å"Original Seven† who seceded from the Union, including Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas. This became known as â€Å"secessionRead MoreThe War Of The Civil War1039 Words   |  5 PagesThe civil war is by far the bloodiest war in American history. In the four deadly years of war, over six-hundred thousand Americans were killed. Many disputes that led to the civil war. These conflicts started under Presiden t James Buchanan who was a Democrat elected in the election of 1856. The issue of slavery, states’ rights, the abolitionist movement, the Southern secession, the raid on Harper’s Ferry, the election of Abraham Lincoln all contributed to the start of the civil war. The civil warRead MoreThe War Of The Civil War Essay1444 Words   |  6 PagesThe story of this outlaw originated during the Civil War years, April 12,1861-May 9, 1865. The War were the rich sat and watched, while the poor died. A War that wanted to keep black people as slaves permanently by the South (Confederates). Newton Knight quickly grew unhappy with the situation that the people of Jones County, where he was originally from were in. He also did not approved of slavery at all. Newt was the Outlaw who freed Jones County s people, whites and blacks alike when they mostRead MoreThe War Of The Civil War1284 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish 30 January 2015 The Civil War There are many facts most people generally do not know about the Civil War, so much research is needed to improve one’s knowledge about the Civil War. Authors such as: Robert G. Lambert, Rustle B. Olwell, and Kay A. Chick were all helpful in this research. Many people think that everyone on the Union side of the war believed that blacks should be equal to whites. Most people also think that everyone on the Confederate side of the war believed in slavery. SomeRead MoreThe War Of The Civil War1723 Words   |  7 PagesThe Civil War is by far the bloodiest war in American history. In the four deadly years of war, over six-hundred thousand Americans were killed. Many disputes that led to the civil war. These conflicts started even before the presidency of James Buchanan, who was a Democrat elected in the election of 1856. The issue of slavery, states’ rights, the abolitionist movement, the Southern secession, the raid on Harper’s Ferry, the election of Abraham Linc oln all contributed to the start of the Civil WarRead MoreThe War Of The Civil War Essay944 Words   |  4 Pages The War of Succession, universally known as the Civil War, was a war unlike any other. According to the Civil War Trust, â€Å" it was the most immensely colossal and most destructive conflict in the Western world between the cessation of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815 and the onset of World War I in 1914.† It commenced when the Confederate army assailed Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861. The Civil War was a rigorously catastrophic event for both the North and the South. About 360,000 of the Union’s men wereRead MoreThe War Of The Civil War1704 Words   |  7 Pagesof thousands of Americans volunteered to fight in the Civil War, also known as the First Modern War. The main causes of this war were the economic and social differences between the North and the South. These differences led to other fundamental issues such as slavery and its abolition. In addition to that as the war was coming to its end, federal authorities found themselves presiding over the transition from sla very to freedom.After the war, there was a 12-year period best known as the Reconstruction

American Legalization of Marijuana Essay - 1248 Words

American Legalization of Marijuana Marijuana should be legalized nationwide because it can help many different walks of people with their medical issues and maximize revenue for the government. The legalization would positively impact the economy of not only individual cities, but of entire states as well. Medical marijuana is also constantly used as a painkiller in the place of Vicodin and other prescribed drugs. Pot, skunk, kush, mary jane, chronic, weed, grass, herb, hemp and ganga are just a few of the abundance of nicknames that marijuana has. Of Indian origin, the actual drug is green, brown and grey, with incorporation of seeds, leaves and stems. â€Å"Some 25 million Americans have smoked marijuana in the past year, and more than 14†¦show more content†¦The THC in marijuana is the chemical that gives people the â€Å"high† that they pursue like madmen. The isomer can be used to treat pain, as a relaxant, alter vision, auditory and other senses, and minimize fatigue and appetite. Since medical marijuana is already legal in several states such as California and Colorado, why shouldn’t it become a legal and normal treatment across the United States? The numerous medical benefits clearly show that marijuana, when used correctly, will benefit the user tremendously and help him or her feel much better. Legally distributing marijuana will also make a large amount of annual revenue for the government through taxation of the drug. â€Å"According to a 2010 study from Cato, legalizing marijuana would generate $8.7 billion in federal and state tax revenue annually.† (Fairchild 1) The legalized circulation of the drug would also lead to a positive impact on the revenue of the state and the country due to the high sales tax on the drug. The U.S. government will most likely tax the drug the same way that they tax alcohol and cigarettes as well. The higher the demand for the product, the higher the tax is. Another reason why this drug should be sold nationwide is so that the government does not have to constantly regulate the drug anymore. â€Å"By one governmentShow MoreRelatedShould Marijuana Be Legalized?939 Words   |  4 PagesThe American people have been watching Reefer Madness since 1936 while reading the foreword: â€Å"Marihuana is that drug - a violent narcotic - an unspeakable scourge - The Real Public Enemy Number One!† Many Americans still believe that marijuana is a highly addictive and life threatening drug. However, there have been zero reported cases of cannabis overdose. Marijuana prohibition and propaganda have caused America to fail to benefit from marijuana legalization. The factors of the consequences of theRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1449 Words   |  6 PagesSince the first efforts to legalize marijuana in the 1960s, Americans have become progressively more accepting of requests to liberalize laws restricting possession and use of marijuana, but the shift has not been a straight line. After 11 states de criminalized marijuana possession in the 1970s, recoil led by suburban parents led too much harsher implementation of drug laws. But since California legalized medical marijuana in 1996, outlooks toward the drug have relaxed significantly.(A Brief HistoryRead MoreShould Marijuana Legalization Be Legal?1532 Words   |  7 PagesMarijuana Legalization Marijuana legalization is an issue that the United States is currently facing. Through all branches and aspects of government, the concept of marijuana legalization can be applied and understood. In order to better frame the policy issue, the policy should be viewed through different lenses and all aspects of government. In this essay, it will be shown how marijuana legalization truly incorporates all areas of government interest. First, the politics of marijuana legalizationRead MoreLegalization of Marijuana: A Review of the Literature1843 Words   |  7 PagesCalifornia was the first state to pass a marijuana law in 1913 followed by the rest of the states in the nation until the year of 1937, when marijuana became completely illegal at the federal level. (Guither) Before then, marijuana and specifically hemp had many uses for colonists and farmers and was such a critical crop for a number of purposes, that the government even encouraged its growth. It was not until Henry J. Anslinger saw the Bureau of Narcotics as a fascinating career opportunity thatRead MoreMarijuana Decriminalization and Legalization636 Words   |  3 PagesThe validity of marijuana decriminalization (and even legalization) is illustrated in the following analysis of the social, fiscal, political, and medical attributes and conceptions associated with the drug. Marijuana has been used for thousands of years, in 2008; archeologists disco vered over two pounds of cannabis in a 2,700-year-old grave of a shaman found in Central Asia. (Armentano, 1) Should marijuana be legalized or at least decriminalized in America? The following information may give theRead MoreLegalization Of Marijuana Should Be Regulated987 Words   |  4 PagesThe use of marijuana in the United States used to be a rather taboo subject. The infamous slogans of â€Å"Just Say No† and â€Å"Reefer Madness† filled the ears of society and many listened. However, in recent years marijuana legalization has come to the forefront of politics, as more and more Americans are opening up to the idea of legalizing marijuana nation wide for medical and recreational purposes. With about half of adults in the United States in favor of legalizing marijuana it shows that this mayRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?922 Words   |  4 Pagesfor smoking marijuana? Do you know someone that is in jail for possession of marijuana? This is an issue that h as become prevalent in recent years. The whole country along with its citizen is divided on legalization of marijuana. ? How marijuana became illegal is by a tax act. The citizens that desired to consume marijuana had to pay a marijuana tax act. Most people didn’t pay the tax act and that led to prison time and hefty fines. A drug prohibition was initiated and targeting marijuana. AnslingerRead MoreMarijuana Should Be Legalized Essay1130 Words   |  5 PagesMarijuana is a cannabaceae plant, which has always been associated with negative connotations until recently, when it has been discovered that this plant may be used to cure diseases and improve a country economy. Thus, the American opinion is split on the question of â€Å"Marijuana Legalization†. In fact, a survey undertaken by CNN/ORC International Poll states that 55 % of Americans believe that the use of marijuana should be legal, while only 44 % think it should be illegal (CNN). I also share theRead MoreThe Legalization Of Marijuan A Positive And Negative Effects On American Society849 Words   |  4 PagesThe legalization of marijuana can have many positive and negative effects on American society. State budgets are constantly looking for new avenues of revenue and ways to create new industry. The legal system in place is exhausted and unable to sustain the current rate of incarceration and enforcement. Our jails and prisons are overcrowded and law enforcement budgets are challenged every year trying to keep up with the enforcement of marijuana use, smuggling and production in addition to its otherRead MoreWeed Be Better Off Without Marijuana1728 Words   |  7 PagesLauren Leatherman Professor Dillon American Government 25 October 2015 Weed Be Better Off Without Marijuana Dope, Mary Jane, Pot, Grass, Weed, Blunt, Joint, and Nuggets are only a few of the countless names for marijuana, a narcotic drug used for recreational and sometimes medicinal uses across the world. Recently growing enough popularity among younger generations due to the glamorization of media, and the overwhelming financial gains through taxes and fees seen in Colorado, have caused Ohio legislators

Positive Influence on Kids Free Essays

Rhetorical Analysis Being a high school and college athlete, I have gained a lot of skills both physically and mentally. I have learned how to work with different personalities and learned how to adapt to them. Also, I have learned how to cope with winning and losing. We will write a custom essay sample on Positive Influence on Kids or any similar topic only for you Order Now I honestly believe that playing sports shaped me into the person I am today. I have great leadership skills, I interact well with others, I adapt well with new people and I do not give up on anything that I do. In his New York times editorial † Sports Teaches Kids Valuable Lessons,† Keener notes that while striving to win (on an organized ports team), children learn about teamwork and sportsmanship, two keys that can contribute to developing into a solid citizen. In sports, there is a bigger picture than just merely winning and losing. Once you have learned how to stay grounded and humble when you win, or even learning from a terrible loss, I believe you have overall gained a lifetime skill. Some play sports Just for the fun, while other play for the competitiveness of the game. Personally, I play for both reasons. Keener’s argument is stating that these skills of teamwork, and sportsmanship may be acquired though ifferent realms other than sports, but they are enhanced through sports. He feels that they help children learn when the right time is to express those characteristics. Playing sports is a learning experience, you learn how to interact with different people, learn how to cope with losing, and learn how to persevere. In the editorial, Keener expresses that athletics build character and discipline, as well as teamwork and hard work. An organized sports team with members cooperating with one another to achieve a common goal, sport participation is a good way of further instilling the important principles of teamwork in a group. If one person does not do their part the whole team can and will suffer. If one individual dominates then the performance of others will be adversely affected in both areas the only way to achieve a victory is with a team working in harmony and on equal terms with one another. As with sport, a team may comprise multiple talents but if they don’t work well together then the team will quickly fall apart. You win as a team and lose as a team. So with that, you have to learn, with your team, how fix the problem and be able to come together and win. Realistically, it is not guaranteed that you will win. Some teams go on with the worst records of not winning one game in a season. Keener explains, you learn how to get back up every time you get knocked down. With that, you will learn to thrive and compete through any recurring disappointments or setbacks. In the text, he illustrates how taking on a sport may take sacrifice. It can be transformation of your body from to fit the sport; there is a wide range of injuries, or even time away from daily activities. Sports should serve the purpose of general development, keeping the body strong and maintaining healthy life style. Keener noted that sports help the child keep up a healthy lifestyle. He notes that with athletes competing at a competitive level can lead to positive psychosocial, developmental and health benefits for girls. Research shows that sport participation and positive self-perceptions and also better success rates in the classrooms. Lastly, Keener takes a different approach by explaining how participating in sports gives athletes the ability to develop tight and lasting friendships. This is an experience that usually leaves them with lasting life long memories. There are some positive social benefits to sports participation that are easily overlooked by many. Keener tried to connect on a very person and emotional level. In high school, everyone wants a friend. Everyone wants to feel accepted or have that sense of belonging to something. Some kids may not have that sense of family at home, so they may Join a sport to fill in where their home life is lacking. After reading the editorial, I still have the same feelings toward the topic. I absolutely agree with everything Keener had to say. Although some may say that there are some character traits that only parents can instill in their children. But there is something special to a child about having howing those skills off through some type of medium. Overall, Keener was very successful in his editorial. He clearly stated his argument and his claim. He factually and emotionally connected to different types of audiences, mostly athletes, future athletes and parents of athletes. What made it so successful was how he proved his claim through facts and thoughts, and also connecting with the right audience. It all made sense. He was able to connect with actual athletes and parents of athletes. He challenges the child to strive to be a better athlete by adhering to the life lessons learned. He also challenges the parents to challenge their child by encouraging them to get involved with a team. Keener touched upon different aspects ofa child’s life that later on down the road requires usage of those skills they learned. Kids may never use their physical talents or skills again after high school or college, but one thing they will use is their leadership skills, teamwork and perseverance. Those are fundamental keys to being successful in the real world and work force. How to cite Positive Influence on Kids, Papers

Soviet Union Essays - Dissolution Of The Soviet Union, Perestroika

Soviet Union Joseph Stalin (1927-1953) led the Soviet State through the challenges of World War II. Although the war was a terrible drain on the already impoverished and exhausted society, it resulted, paradoxically in strengthening the Soviet dictatorship. The war distracted the Soviet people from Stalin's excesses in previous years and generated patriotism and national unity. It also greatly strengthened the Soviet military. The Soviet Union emerged from the war as second in power only to the United States. (Dr. Minton F, Goldman) So what were the factors that contributed to the collapse of the super power and what is preventing Russia from re-entering the international community as a stabilized independent country. In the beginning, Communism seemed to be the utopian ideal for the people of Russia because it promised elimination of classes, guaranteed employment, and gave hope that "The creation of a comprehensive social security and welfare system for all citizens that would end the misery of workers once and for all." In 1917, when Lenin came to power the socialist dictatorship underwent radical changes in it's economic doctrines adopting the New Economic Policy giving control of the majority of means of production to the government. Lenin's government made many achievements and in fact throughout the majority of Communist rule, censorship and subordination of interest groups was imposed to stop dissension and increase conformity to the new government's policies. After Lenin's death in 1924, his predecessor Joseph Stalin continued his reforms and at length became completely totalitarian making himself the most powerful man in Russia. Stalin began the Great Purge (campaign of removing all opposition to the Communist rule) in which millions of people were arrested and either harassed or killed. The economic system was changed so that the government controlled the entire system. All the private ownership ended, industrialization was commenced, and the strength of the military was substantially increased. During this period, agricultural production output diminished resulting in food shortages. These shortages were only enhanced by the mass exportation of food. Stalin also put the production of manufacturing machinery over basic consumer goods and other staples. To top things off, the Second World War broke out and drained most of what was left of the already impoverished state. Although Russia came out of the war a super power, the death of Stalin in 1953 marked the end of supreme power for the head of the Communist party. For the next several years, Russia went through different leaders trying to find one to save the suffering society. Khrushchev achieved minor reforms, but was dismissed due to shortages in grain and dairy products and his blame for the Cuban Missile Crisis. Leonid Brezhnev reversed most of the progress made by Krushchev and restored many of Stalin's political disciplinary policies. During this time, there was an inefficient use land, labor and resources, which resulted in an economic slackening. Bureaucrats were paid for loyalty with material wealth and public interests were placed secondary to personal gain. In the 1980's, the already impoverished standard of living for Soviet citizens dropped dramatically. This caused strikes and public outcry against the administration, which threatened the stability of the Soviet Union. The people were angry because in exchange for their obedience, the Communist Party had promised them employment, free health care, and a level of comfort. None of these promises was fulfilled. When Mikhail Gorbachev became General Secretary in 1985, he began a program called "Perestroika" which was the organizational restructuring of the Soviet economy and government apparatus. He also began a policy called "Glasnost" to support the restructuring. "Glasnost" which emphasized openness with regard to discussion of social problems and shortcomings. The purpose of these reforms was to elevate the Soviet standard of living in order to reaffirm the citizenry's loyalties to the Communist Party and to enable the restoration of the Soviet economy and ideal. State control was lessened and individual initiative encouraged. He took many different steps to ease international affairs as well. However, during this period of change, strong nationalistic opinion started in the republics of the Soviet Union causing major upheaval. In 1991, as the Soviet economy deteriorated, Gorbachev faced competing pressures from hard-line Communists, from free-market reformers, and from nationalists and secessionists seeking independence for their republics. Gorbachev suspended party activities, placed reformers in charge of the military and KGB, and allowed Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania to become independent republics. The USSR voted itself out of existence in 1991, and Gorbachev resigned as its president. Under the Communist regime, there were immense social problems. In the period before Gorbachev, all religion was made extremely difficult to practice

Comparative Narrative Essays

Comparative Narrative Essays Comparative Narrative Essay Comparative Narrative Essay Reading, for the true enthusiasts, is a time to take a break, a vacation from the everyday hum-drum life. It is a time for him or her to escape what he or she knows to experience and view life through another’s eyes. For one who truly enjoys this pastime, it does not matter what the genre is. Whether short fictional tales or non-fiction stories. Whether poetry or essays the reader escapes through reading. This paper will compare the elements of narrative in two fictional and two non-fictional works, exploring such areas as the credibility, entertainment value and superiority within the distinct character of both, the fictional and non-fictional genres of literature. The stories, The Richer, the Poorer by Dorothy West and My Lack of Gumption, by Russell Baker both taken from The Art of Work (LaRocco Coughlin, 1996, p. 106 and 119) and The Virus, by Craig Brown and Buy a Cellular Phone, Sublet Your Soul by Robert Aquinas McNally both taken from The Literature of Work (Murphy, S. Sperling, J. , Murphy, J, 1991, p 29 277) will be used for the various crossover themes that are perceptible in them. NARRATIVE Narrative is defined as â€Å"the general term (for a story long or short; of past, present or future; factual or imagined; told for any purpose; and with or without much detail). † (2006) In a fictional work, narrative may be used to create emotion or evoke emotional response s from the reader. Emotions such as love, fear, anger and pain can be enhanced or exaggerated in a fictional account to pike the readers interest. In a non-fictional work narrative can be used to condense time to eliminate unimportant or uninteresting points in a story. Whole periods can be skipped so more time can be spent describing or exploring the most essential or momentous points of the true account. Facts are the basic elements upon which a story is built. Narrative ties facts together in a meaningful and entertaining way. It provides the connection or transitional elements which allow the facts to be related smoothly and conceivably to the reader. The four literature works explored for this paper have all used the narrative in such a way to arouse the senses of the reader. Whether told from a third person view as is the case in The Richer, the Poorer or the first person in The Virus the reader is drawn into the life of another riding the waves of change that occur in the stories. CREDIBILITY The reader needs a reason to immerse him or herself into the story that they are reading. Relating to the character in some way is a major component of the immersion into the work. The reader has to believe or except the story for it to have a true affect on him. However, unlike a non-fictional account, in a fictional work credibility is not as important because the reader is aware that the story is made up and is not a true retelling of the facts. Authenticity gives way to make-believe and imagination. Finding true meaning in life and work is a theme that is told in both The Richer, the Poorer and My Lack of Gumption, yet they are told in both a fictional and non-fictional method. By the end of these stories these characters have found out what their purposes is in life. However the way they reached those discoveries were very different. Lottie, the main character in The Richer, the Poorer has lived her whole life doing everything that she was supposed to do. Always working and not living life to the fullest. It is not until she is past sixty and her sister comes to live with her that she realizes that there is more to life than working and she should have paid more attention life instead of letting it pass her by. She sums up her years when she says â€Å"†¦It was me who didn’t use them I saved for them. I forgot the best of them would go without my every spending a day or a dollar enjoying them. That’s my life story in those few words, a life never lived. † (LaRocco Coughlin, 1996, p. 109) She gets it now even when it seems too late. Yet many can learn from her mistakes to find ‘it’ early in life so life is not wasted. Russell, the character from My Lack of Gumption, on the other hand finds his true purpose early in life. It was from the A paper he wrote, when he was eleven, retelling his summer vacation and a ‘suggestion’ by his mother which caused him to come to the realization that he would be a writer. Why? Simply because, in his own words, â€Å"†¦what writers did couldn’t even be classified as work†¦ Writers didn’t have to have any gumption at all. † (LaRocco Coughlin, 1996, p. 126) He had found the job he loved and now he did not have to ‘work’ anymore. Both characters have taught a valuable lesson. Finding purpose in life. Now whether one believes the account from Russell, because he is working and living his calling, or learns from the life long mistake by the fictional character Lottie. The writing has achieved its intended purpose. Entertainment In non-fiction the reader is looking for believability or credibility as a logical framework for the stories, events and plot, there must be a connection to real life. The bond to real life could be the entertainment itself. The reader is looking for a way to identify with the experiences of the author. In fiction the author can transport the reader to events and periods that are outside the bounds of real life. This often provides a transcendental experience that can be thrilling, dangerous, and humorous or evoke a number of psychological, mystical, or a purely physical experience. Superiority Fictional narrating is superior when dealing with facts and circumstances which are uninteresting or unimportant to the reader. Non-fictional narrative can be superior when the facts or circumstances that form the basis of the story are interesting and important to the reader. Telling the story of one who has been put out to pasture by an employer after many years of faithful and dedicated service is a fate that many hope to avoid and feel†¦ wish†¦ hope†¦ that it won’t happen to them. Craig Brown who wrote The Virus uses fictional narrating very effectively in introducing and even cautioning employers lest this same fate befalls them. He draws the reader into an intriguing tale of suspense, drama and whodunit to find the culprit who is wrecking havoc on the employee and customer used computer terminals of a bank. His character, Terry, has found a way to kill two birds with one stone. He infiltrated the banks computer system to get back at them for losing his job and also as a way to show them that they need him to protect the system. He explains to the investigator â€Å"†¦what a shambles the so-called security is in. I decided to take a little chance. Show them they needed a real security officer and not someone who just holds the title. † (Murphy, S. , Sperling, J. , Murphy, J, 1991, p 42) On the other side of the coin, Robert Aquinas McNally uses Non-fictional narrative in Buy a Cellular Phone, Sublet Your Soul to show how much life and time is slipping away because man is so tied to schedules and calendars. It is such an epidemic that man multitasks and the cell phone has become an extension of themselves. So much so that it can all be summed up in â€Å"There is too little time to do everything because we don’t do anything. When nothing receives full attention, everything slips past. † (Murphy, S. , Sperling, J. , Murphy, J, 1991, p 278) Conclusion This paper has performed a through analysis of the elements of narrative in fictional and non-fictional literary works. Discovering connections in such areas as the credibility, entertainment value and superiority within these two genres of literature. References LaRocco, C. , Coughlin, J. , (1996), The Art of Work, South-Western Educational Publishing Murphy, S. , Sperling, J. , Murphy, J. , (1991), The Literature of Work, University of Phoenix Press

How to Build Your Persuasion Skills and Get What You Want

How to Build Your Persuasion Skills and Get What You Want Whether you’re about to enter an interview situation or would just like generally to be a more persuasive person, there are things you can do to build your likability- and  your ability to get what you want, when you want it. You don’t have to be innately good looking, super social, and super talented to be likable and persuasive. You just need to boost your emotional intelligence and build your persuasion skills. What Great Persuaders Have In CommonThere are some key behaviors that people who get what they want all have.People PleasingKnowing when and how to sacrifice in order to win the  war, rather than every small battle, is an important skill. Good persuaders know  how to give ground to coworkers (even adversaries!) and play the long game by making people happy.Not PushingYou must establish needs and ideas assertively and with confidence, but without being pushy or overly impatient†¦ all while never being mousy or a pushover!Knowing their AudiencePeople who get what they want know how to play to whatever crowd or group they’re  facing, know when to quit or pull back slightly, and learn to paint a specific picture in order to sell an idea.Using Body Language EffectivelySmiling is a secret weapon you should not underestimate- inspiring trust and confidence in your colleagues and managers. But other kinds of body language are helpful as well, such as keeping your arms open and not crossed, leaning in, and making eye contact.ListeningAcknowledging your listener’s point of view, asking intelligent questions, and using their name are all great ways to show your openness to other points of view and your willingness to compromise.Establishing a ConnectionIf you want to make real connections, the best way to do this is to find common ground with the people you speak to and to be genuine, rather than trying to conform to some idea of what you think people want to see or hear from you.How You can Improve Your Skills to Get a J obIf you are facing an interview situation, then there are a few extra tips to prove (and practice) your persuasiveness.Determine Whether You’re Thinking or FeelingDecide based on your interviewer whether it would be most beneficial to preface what you’re saying with â€Å"I think† or â€Å"I feel.† Research shows this makes a difference depending on how the person you are speaking to is oriented, with most analytical/cognitive-oriented people being more susceptible to thought/task-oriented language.Think of Yourself a Product to PitchRemember that an interview is a sales pitch. Don’t just rely on rehashing your experience. Find a way to market and sell yourself. Try recording three unique selling points, or your brand, that you want your interviewer to remember after you leave. Never offer a standard answer when you could tailor your answer to be more relevant to your interviewer’s business and their experience. Speak with passion and youâ €™ve got yourself a real sales pitch!Come Armed with KnowledgeDo the homework necessary to be taken as an expert. Research the industry, wield the jargon, and prepare examples of how you would be (because you already have been) effective in dealing with the kinds of problems you might confront in this job.Project ConfidenceRemember that projecting confidence is absolutely crucial to presenting your ideas. The best way to achieve the right degree of confidence is to practice as much as possible, until what you’re saying is automatic and comfortable. Then just remember to breathe regularly to keep your nerves at bay. If you get derailed, just try and mimic the behavior, postures, and tone of the most confident person you know! Eventually, you’ll start to feel as confident as you are acting.

Marketing , advertising and sales promotion FINAL Assignment

Marketing , advertising and sales promotion FINAL - Assignment Example On the other hand, sales promotion relies on value added offers which may be discounted, demonstrations, exhibitions, contests, trade shows, giveaways and points of sale displays in a bid to appeal customers to make purchases. Contrary to advertising, sales promotion is short term, direct and leads to the increase of sales I a short time (Schmitt, 2011). Therefore, sales promotion proves to be more effective in a shorter period of time. The customer is the most important person involved with any company because all the products and services are targeted to the customer. Notably, there is no business without a customer (Schmitt, 2011). Demographics denote social, economic features used to define a population, especially in statistics. This includes age, sex, income level, marital status, religion, occupation, birth rate, death rate, educational level, family size and average age at marriage (Schmitt, 2011). a) Advertising uses an emotional appeal which targets to convey a message that will be remembered for a long time while sales promotion is an emotional approach used in appealing customers to make immediate purchases. Vertical marketing refers to marketing that targets a certain industry on target markets and addresses their specialized needs (Schmitt, 2011). This form of marketing focuses on a single niche and not a broad market. Public Relations is important to any organization as it serves to build a desirable reputation for the organization. Moreover, it ensures that customers have a good perception concerning the organization. Therefore, Public Relations is critical in maintaining customers and may also serve to bring new customers to the business who are recommended by the existing customers (Hoffman & Bateson, 2009). Secondary data denotes data gathered for other purposes and not for addressing the research topic. In marketing research, secondary data is used in the selection of markets that

Human Resource Management (CASE STUDY) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Human Resource Management (CASE STUDY) - Essay Example y the Greater Manchester Police, through unreasonable behaviors and practices like racial profiling and race-based surveillance, which are based on stereotypes. This belief that is characterized by or based on the attitude that ones own group is superior is also a sideline highlighting the tendency of some individuals to view other groups as being a threat, due largely to pervasive stereotyping stemming from lack of experience with the perceived groups. In the case, the police used internal prejudice to advance their own stereotypes at the expense of Mr. Singh-Barker, who was singled out as an immigrant for non promotion. Many people who are prejudiced about their own groups have little contact or experience with the groups they are consciously or unconsciously persecuting. Although people from different races can work together and form alliances in many cases (like different minority students from different populations coming together to protest prejudice at a school), which seek to combat stereotyping and promote unity and understanding between superficially different groups. In this type of setting, cross cultural understanding becomes important. There is a clear line to be drawn between discretion and racial profiling when it comes to a law enforcement officers’ making the decision to investigate a crime or suspect on positive grounds of incongruity, suspicion, or report, not race or ethnicity; this works internally, as well. In practice, unfortunately, this theory does not always stick. In practice, police often color-code their targets and look for immigrant individuals like Singh Bhacke r. The Manchester Police, therefore, are being unreasonable. The Manchester Police force is also guilty of labeling in the case. Labeling is a psycho/sociological theory of deviance, and it is also important to consider biological classifications and their implications. Ethnocentrism is characterized by the attitude that one’s own group is superior to another

Sexism in the Media and Music Industry | Essay

Sexism in the Media and Music Industry | Essay Introduction Sexism is the type of behavior created by a society through gender conditioning which equally degrades both men and women. â€Å"Sexism is the subordination of one sex, usually female, based on the assumed superiority of [another] sex† (Kendall, 2004, p. 76). It refers to a system of beliefs that objectifies and lowers the status of one sex and that creates reason of discrimination on the basis of this status. Examples of this attitude are sexist humor, sexist naming, sexual violence and employment discrimination. At personal level sexism refers to behaviors and attitudes that are used in everyday interactions. Gender or sex role related to the difference between men and women that are society or culture originated. SEXISM IN MEDIA In the few last years we have read and watched women who are not afraid to talk out about sexism attacks, abusively written about , threatened with hostile actions and being send aggressive and sexually detailed tweets, Facebook messages and emails. Almost every women have been on the receiving end of such abuse and I think every women should stand up for herself and be heard, writing this assignment can be just one small part to achieve change, people should realize how the media degrades women or the impact it has on individuals and our society. SEXISM IN MUSIC Popular culture takes everything to an extreme exaggeration, including this type of sexism, to earn profit. As the mainstream music industry that have grown over the last 10 years, the majority of the songs that are being played on the radio and channels are not appropriate, even the inappropriate words is replaced with something cheesy and age-appropriate ,it does not help or change the message hidden in this songs. In the article written by Tricia Ross â€Å"There are Bitches and Hoes,† she is addressing that rap/hip-hop and urban culture has often promoted the demeaning of women in the music industry. Popular old hip hop artists like Too Short, Dr. Dre, 50 Cent, and Snoop Dogg are among the few hip hop artists that are allowing the degrading of women. Snoop’s popular lyrics â€Å"Bitches ain’t shit, but hoes and tricks,† and Too Short’s song â€Å"Gangstas and Strippers† are so inappropriate for being released on the music industry. The hi p hop culture advertises the idea that being a pimp to a woman is completely fine. Their defense being that â€Å"they are talking about a reality of life and dare people to deny it† (Rose 322). Popular artist like Snoop tries to justify his song by saying he is not talking about all the women even though even though they don’t specify the type of women they sing or rap about. â€Å"There is no question that the sexism that‘s in our hip-hop videos is a reflection of how sexist men are in the world today. It‘s just that in the past things weren‘t so obvious† (Russell Simmons, co-founder of Def. Jam Records). Since its birth in 1974 till today’s popularity worldwide, hip-hop music has extremely changed. Nowadays in the hip-hop music and music videos, there is many explicit words that degrades women. In many music videos women have no individuality and are promoted as sexual playthings and eye candy. Artists, such as Eminem, Ludacris, R.Kelly, Lil Wayne, Robin Thicke and Chris Brown are among the many artist who describe women as objects of harassment or male controlled world by communicating that submission is a desirable action by woman. Most of the messages in their song glorify sexism against women including rape, abuse and advertise gender objectification and dehumanizes women mainly. Robin Thicke and Pharell Williams’s popular song in 2013 â€Å"blurred lines† created a controversy with the lyrics such as† I know you want it, But youre a good girl ,The way you grab me, Must wanna get nasty† ,well you cant know they want it unless they tell you they want it, he assumes she want it. It advertises and promotes attitude towards sex and consent. Many people have called the song a rape song, the song would have escaped censure if the music video, that had Robin Thicke, Pharell Williams and T.I all three of them dancing and goofing around with barely dressed girls and that is the clean version, the other version had topless models, this has generated its own separate but also overlapping controversy. People who have been calling this song completely offensive to women have a strong case. Nevertheless, the song is about setting a good girl free by telling and showing her that she really wants some crazy sex that she is not even asking for. Robin Thicke keeps repeating the lyrics I know you want it while his rapping partner T.I. raps Ill give you something big enough to tear your ass in two. In GQ magazine when Robin Thicke was interviewed, he said, We tried to do everything that was taboo. Bestiality, drug injections, and everything that is completely derogatory towards women. Because all three of us are happily married with children, we were like, Were the perfect guys to make fun of this. What underlies Robin Thicke’s depressing statement this that if the men respect their women, it is alright for them to degrade their women. The artist makes it sadly clear when he explains: People say, Hey, do you think this is degrading to women? Im like, Of course it is. What a pleasure it is to degrade a woman. Ive never gotten to do that before. Ive always respected women, not only is he saying it totally fine to degrade women, it’s actually fun. All issues in the world exist within these lines. The thought that it’s a â€Å"pleasure† to demean women after he had lived all his life respecting them is ridiculous. That it’s even funny or that he could do that because he is happily married with woman and has children is the thought of someone completely deluded, who has been living his complete life in a bubble of entitlement. Kanye West’s latest album has been accused for its sexist words against women, it also has been criticized by male and female critics alike as a very amazing, brilliant and bold album. Most of the attention and reviews focused on Kanye West’s potential sacrilege and harmful use of racism, few people called out his offensive and degrading attitude towards women. â€Å"Took her to the Bleau, she tried to sip the fountain/ That when David Grutman kicked her out/ But I got her back in and put my dick in her mouth.† Those are some lyrics from Kanye West’s first track, â€Å"On Sight,† which seems to refer directly to West’s girlfriend and mother of his baby girl Kim Kardashian and her relationship with Grutman, who is one of the people in-charge of Fontainebleau hotel in Miami, which would means he wrote this disgusting lyrics about the women he allegedly loves and about to marry. West himself was raised by a single working mother, whom he respected and loved. He was raised by a feminist, although she was never named that but She was a strong-willed woman who had raised an artist who both claims to completely inspired and completely, purposely sexist. The most interesting fact about hip-hop artists using this language towards women to be alright is the women’s reactions and behavior while listening to this music .When a young woman, a fan of the certain artist, listens to lyrics in the song like â€Å"bitches and hoes,† the hip hop musician is encouraging fans to imitate the behaviors and acts of these so-called â€Å"bitches and hoes.† Women participate not only in the acts these rappers are rapping about but also are featured in the music videos. These women who participate in this videos are called â€Å"video hoes† or â€Å"video vixen. When a women participates in this behaviors or staring in these rapper’s videos and even singing along in their car points out that they are okay with sexism. Being against sexism in a society or culture that takes advantage of it is not very easy, in a system that rewards us for participating. In another parts of the world, a group consisting of all girl Indian rock band have been disbanded after being targeted online by hate campaigns and have been issued fatwa (Islamic legal opinion handed down by an Islamic religious leader) against them . Pragaash (meaning â€Å"First Light† in Kashmiri) have won the third place in the battle of the bands a competition that’s being held in the Muslim dominated Kashmir, but the attention they gained after their achievement in the competition was so horrible that it caused them not to only stop their performances but to end their ties to the music industry, even one of three band members have fled her city to another. These girls have been called â€Å"whores† and â€Å"prostitutes† by these online hate campaign members and are being called indecent by the issued fatwa against them, while they were all wearing jeans, scarfs and long-sleeved shirts/jackets. While many members of both local and online communities have shown their support for the band members, others have being continuously threatening the girls and their immediate families, and they accused the girls of western-style culture influence. The nature of this matter is obviously affected by culture and religious differences but the main fact remains the same, that sexism is common around the globe. It also asks the question of how much more do we need to develop before it is universally know that this type of act is not simply unfair or harmful but that it is also a crime.

Lester Brown Who Will Feed China Study Guide Essay

1. Who will feed china looks at china specifically but does so in a way of how things happening in china impact the rest of the world. 2. After releasing the article, china gov’t initial response was a disagreement to brown’s hypothesis. They said by 2025 they would double their grain production so it wouldn’t be a problem. But then grain prices soared and they started to have to import grain so then they asked for brown’s help. 3. People understand that the standard of living in the US could not work for the entire world. 4. The earliest constraints in attempting to make this transformation are food supply. 5. Resource constraints are grain and grain production. As well as water supply and quality. 6. In China, if internal constraints are faced by producers, what solution will the state most likely pursue? They are most likely to import scare resources. Is their historical precedent for such a solution? Japan, Taiwan, and S Korea did this but they have nowhere near the populatoni and people to feed as china does. What impacts can be expected from such an approach both internally and globally? Prices will go up around the world! 7. The gov’t wants to keep prices on grain high enough to keep the farmers on their land but low enough so people in urban areas can afford to eat. Based on your reading of Brown, from the standpoint of China discuss the relationship between industrialization, farmland, consumers, and international trade. 8. 6. In some detail discuss the precise relationships between grain lands and industrialization in China. How does this relate to Brown’s statement that grain production will fall not as a result of agricultural failure, but from industrial success. 9. What is the â€Å"wake-up call†? China’s emergence as a massive grain importer will be the wake-up call that will signal trouble in the relationship between ourselves, now numbering 5.7 billion, and the natural systems and resources on which we depend. It may well force a redefinition of security, recognition that food scarcity and the associated economic instability are far greater threats to security tha n military aggression is. 2. Another Half-Billion  Describe the population trends in China between 1990 and 2045. What will the impacts be of these trends on agricultural land? Population will peak in 2045 at 1.66 billion then start to decline slowly. 1990 they hit 1 billion. In Asia compared to Europe, way more people per hectare. And Europe pops have stopped growing while Asia’s go up and up. Population and birthrate declined with the famine but soon got back up again. More people will be depending on agricultural land. 3. Moving Up the Food Chain How does â€Å"moving up the food chain† affect agriculture in China? Discuss this in some detail. As people acquire more wealth, they go for more variety in their diet which is usually more expensive and puts more stress on agriculture. This also means consuming more livestock. Much more grain is used, a lot of the time as feed for livestock. Can also be used for beverages like beer, scotch, vodka†¦ and of course breads, pasteries†¦growth in meat consumption is one of the best indicators of china’s transformation economically. Mostly pork, not as much beef as the US. More meat = more grain needed. Starting to import grain, sugar, and soy/vegetable oil will put pressure on world supplies and increase prices everywhere. 4. The Shrinking Cropland Base What trends are occurring in China’s total agricultural land and why? Cropland is decreasing due to infertile soil, farmers switching to other crops not grain, construction of industry going up in spots where crops once were, and no longer doing multiple crops. What historical precedent exists to understand these trends? In Japan, Taiwan, and S Korea; those countries had dense population and then turned to industrialized nations. Farmland vs. industries. Need more room for housing, highways,(increasing automobiles means more roads, parking lots†¦) more people more room for their stuff. 5. Spreading Water Scarcity What are the causes? Water use has increased greatly. Due to population growth, irrigation expansion, rising affluence, and industrialization. There are depleting aquifers in northern china. Lots of irrigation to china’s cropland. Very land intensive. Originally came from dams but now it is coming from ground water as well. Farmers need water for their crops, but now they are having to turn to less intensive/profitable crops. Instead of rice they might plant a stable crop like millet, while this uses less water it also is not as good. The increased need for grain import is only going to increase. They are tapping into ground water, but the aquifers can’t replenish fast enough. Is there any hope? The need for water is only going to increase. Agricultural, industrial, and residential needs are all there. Poor distribution throughout the country. Where there is cropland, there is no water (N. China) and where there is water (Yangtze River) there is not as much cropland. This makes water scarcity even more of a problem. Likely to deline the grain production there even faster. Proposed building a canal to bring water to Beijing but it would be very expensive and cross a lot of rivers and streams. 6. Raising Cropland Productivity Is there much room for increased productivity? They need to increase rice, wheat, and corn production. With new technologies they can do it and have somewhat but there doubt that any increases will be very dramatic. Reached a point where farmers using too much fertilizer so not making as much of a profit, much like what happened with the US. As noted earlier, the central question is whether future rises in land productivity will be sufficient to offset the loss of cropland to nonfarm uses as industrialization progresses. Barring some dramatic new technological breakthroughs, this now seems unlikely. 7. Growing Grain Deficit What was the Japanese experience? Loss of grainland due to land being used for other purposes like industry. Wages climbed for non ag. Jobs and so more people moved into the city and out of rural areas. Causing a reduction in multiple cropping. Results in steady decline of grain production. Japan went down 1% per year. Consumption went up and so did import rates. How could the Japanese experience affect China? China will need to import much of it’s grain if it continues to industrialize. But china doesn’t have seafood it can feed it’s people with. It also has shortages in water that japan didn’t have to deal with. So it china’s impact on the world grain market will be much stronger than japans. 8. Competition for Grain What might world markets look like in the near future? Price of grain would rise, but even if it doubled china would be able to pay for it. However there isn’t enough grain available to supply them with of all countries put together. Consumption would likely decrease around the world.

Anna Freud, Founder of Child Psychoanalysis

Anna Freud was the daughter of Sigmund Freud. While her father was a giant in the field of psychology, Anna Freud was an accomplished psychologist in her own right. She was the founder of child psychoanalysis and extended and further refined her father’s ideas about defense mechanisms. Fast Facts: Anna Freud Known For: Founding child psychoanalysis and work on ego’s defense mechanismsBorn: December 3, 1895 in Vienna, AustriaDied: October 9, 1982 in London, EnglandParents: Sigmund Freud and Martha BernaysKey Accomplishments: Chairman of the Vienna Psycho-Analytic Society (1925-1928); Honorary President of the International Psychoanalytical Association (1973-1982); Founder of the Hampstead Child Therapy Course and Clinic (1952, now known as the Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families) Early Life Anna Freud was born in 1895 in Vienna, Austria. She was the youngest of six children born to Sigmund Freud and his wife, Martha Bernays. She did not have a good relationship with her mother and was distant from her five siblings, especially her sister Sophie, who she felt was a rival for her father’s attention. However, she was close to her father. Sigmund Freud, fourth from left, sits at an elegant dining table with the rest of his family, including his daughter Anna, far right. Corbis/VCG via Getty Images / Getty Images Anna Freud graduated from Cottage Lyceum in 1912. While she didn’t go on to higher education, she claimed that she learned more at home from her father and his colleagues than she ever did at school. And, of course, Anna Freud had unparalleled access to information on psychoanalysis, which would eventually enable her to become an important voice in the field. Career In 1917, Anna Freud took a job as a primary school teacher. She also started to undergo psychoanalysis with her father—a practice that would be considered unusual today but was more common at the time. In 1923, Anna Freud started her own psychoanalytic practice focusing specifically on children. This was also the year that her father was diagnosed with cancer and Anna became his caretaker. Shortly afterwards, Anna Freud started teaching at the Vienna Psychoanalytic Training Institute. Then in 1927, she became the Secretary for the International Psychoanalytic Association, and in 1935, the director of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Training Institute. The following year she published her best-known work, The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defense, which expanded on her father’s ideas about defenses and the ways the ego works to protect itself. In 1938, when the Nazi threat became too great, Anna and Sigmund Freud fled Vienna and settled in London. World War II started there in 1939. Sigmund Freud died a few weeks later. Austrian psychologist Sigmund Freud (1856 - 1939) (second right) arrives in Paris after leaving Vienna en route to London, Paris, France, June 1938. He is accompanied by his daughter Anna (1895 - 1982) (left), wife of Prince George of Greece, Marie Bonaparte (1882 - 1962) (second left), and her son Prince Peter of Greece (1908 - 1980) (right). Pictorial Parade / Getty Images During her early years in England, Freud found herself in conflict with Melanie Klein, another psychoanalyst who was also formulating techniques to use with children. Freud and Klein differed on key points about child development, which led to their different approaches to analysis. In order to resolve the disagreement, they engaged in a series of â€Å"Controversial Discussions† that ended with the British Psychoanalytical Society forming training courses for both perspectives.   In 1941, Anna Freud opened The Hampstead War Nurseries with her friend Dorothy Burlingham. There, they cared for children who had been separated from their families due to the war and documented the children’s responses to the stress of being separated from their parents. After closing the nursery at the end of the war, Freud founded the Hampstead Child Therapy Course and Clinic in 1952. She was its director until her death in London in 1982.   Contributions to Psychology Freud was a pioneer of child psychoanalysis. She developed new techniques to help children, as she found they required different psychological treatments than adults.  She also pointed out that the symptom’s exhibited by children varied from those displayed by adults. She suggested this was a result of children’s developmental stages. In addition, her work on the ego’s defense mechanisms is still considered seminal. It was a major contribution to both ego psychology and adolescent psychology. Freud said repression, the unconscious suppression of impulses that could be problematic if they were acted upon, was the principle defense mechanism. She also detailed a number of other defense mechanisms, including denial, projection, and displacement. Key Works Freud, Anna. (1936). The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defense.Freud, Anna. (1965). Normality and Pathology in Childhood: Assessments of Development.Freud, Anna. (1966-1980). The Writing of Anna Freud: 8 Volumes. Sources Cherry, Kendra. â€Å"Anna Freud Biography (1895-1982).† Verywell Mind, 11 November 2018. https://www.verywellmind.com/anna-freud-biography-1895-1982-2795536GoodTherapy. â€Å"Anna Freud (1895-1982).† 14 July 2015. https://www.goodtherapy.org/famous-psychologists/anna-freud.htmlSandler, Anna Marie. Anna Freud. British Psychoanalytical Society, 2015. https://psychoanalysis.org.uk/our-authors-and-theorists/anna-freudSmirle, Corinne. Profile of Anna Freud. Psychologys Feminist Voices Multimedia Internet Archive, edited by In A. Rutherford. http://www.feministvoices.com/anna-freud/Sigmund Freud Museum. Vita Anna Freud. https://www.freud-museum.at/en/sigmund-and-anna-freud/vita-anna-freud.html  Sigmund Freud Museum. Biography Anna Freud. https://www.freud-museum.at/files/inhalte/dokumente/en/anna_freud_biopgraphy_eng_pdf.pdfThe Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. â€Å"Anna Freud: Austrian-British Psychoanalyst.† Encyclopaedia Britannica, 29 November 2018. https:// www.britannica.com/biography/Anna-Freud